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isel_icv4030:engraving_detailed_images [2021/09/22 03:31] – formlab | isel_icv4030:engraving_detailed_images [2023/04/03 06:43] (current) – [Using Rhino] formlab | ||
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====== Engraving detailed images ====== | ====== Engraving detailed images ====== | ||
+ | ===== For 3D shapes ===== | ||
+ | * Import mesh file in Fusion 360 | ||
+ | * Create toolpaths | ||
+ | * 6mm ball mill - parallel with a tiny axial stock-to-leave | ||
+ | * 2mm ball mill - parallel 90° | ||
- | Fusion 360's sketch engine is not built for vector images with lots of detail. Here are some tips based on [[https:// | + | ===== For 2.5D shapes that retain sharp edge quality ===== |
+ | {{: | ||
+ | ==== Using Rhino ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Workflow**: | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Open .ai file in Adobe illustrator | ||
+ | * Export as .dxf. <wrap hi>tests needed to see which settings give the least self-intersections</ | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Open Rhino | ||
+ | * File > Import > Select DXF file | ||
+ | * {{: | ||
+ | * Leave all import settings default, but check that Model & Layout units are set to Millimeters | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Move drawing elements to separate layers: (To separate the base from the drawing for example) | ||
+ | * Select the curve elements. In the upper right, the object type says: block instance | ||
+ | * click the '' | ||
+ | * select the curve elements you want to move | ||
+ | * right-click on the target-layer | ||
+ | * select '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Fixing **self intersections** | ||
+ | * When extruding vector shapes, you might get the warning that there' | ||
+ | * If the curve elements are still a ‘block instance’. Click explode 1x (or until the block instance becomes curve objects). | ||
+ | * In the command line, type '' | ||
+ | * select the curve tools tab and zoom in to one of the points.\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Make sure the selection is of the type ' | ||
+ | * draw a line or circle to isolate the problematic intersection.\\ {{: | ||
+ | * click the '' | ||
+ | * select both the curve you want to keep and the shape you just drew. Click done. | ||
+ | * click the parts you want to delete. Click done. | ||
+ | * now there' | ||
+ | * select the main curve and the remaining piece of the shape you drew and click the '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Make solid 3D object | ||
+ | * When there are no self-intersections left, select the '' | ||
+ | * Select all the curves you want to extrude | ||
+ | * activate the layer where the solid object should be created in (press the radio button) | ||
+ | * Click the '' | ||
+ | * Move your mouse so the extrusion goes in the right direction (don't click) | ||
+ | * Type the amount of millimeters you want | ||
+ | * Press OK.\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Check if the result looks OK by switching to ‘rendered’ view. Any weird things will be visible. | ||
+ | * If something is bad, it's often a very short section of wall (surface). See below: 'If extrusion fails' | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Unite object | ||
+ | * select all solid objects | ||
+ | * click '' | ||
+ | * check if they look OK by switching to ‘rendered’ view | ||
+ | |||
+ | * If extrusion fails | ||
+ | * This might happen when there' | ||
+ | * shift + click the top (and bottom) surface and delete them. | ||
+ | * select the walls and ' | ||
+ | * enter the command '' | ||
+ | * if the command found one or a few super small walls, delete them. If there' | ||
+ | * When the walls look OK again, click the icon '' | ||
+ | * Repeat for the bottom parts if necessary | ||
+ | * Join the fixed part to the rest of the solid model. | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Export as STP file | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Import STEP file into Fusion 360 to create toolpaths the regular way. | ||
+ | * Use flat end mills | ||
+ | ==== Using Fusion 360 ==== | ||
+ | <wrap hi> | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Workflow**: | ||
+ | |||
+ | Fusion 360's sketch engine is not built for vector images with lots of detail. Here are some tips based on [[https:// | ||
Keep the document units the same throughout the workflow (mm for example) | Keep the document units the same throughout the workflow (mm for example) | ||
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- | For cutting | + | === Negative space === |
+ | For cutting | ||
+ | Note to future self: **If an image is used as a stamp, mirror the image(!)** | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Embossing stamp in aluminum. Not mirrored. | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | Embossing stamp in Trespa. Mirrored. | ||
+ | |||
+ | === In Illustrator === | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Set the document units to mm | ||
+ | * Draw guides to define where the tiles should go:\\ {{: | ||
+ | * This process ruins the vector image. So always work on copies of it. | ||
+ | * Draw squares where you want the tiles to be (with a bit of overlap). Give them a stoke colour that's different than the image vectors (red for this example):\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Select the image vectors and the rectangle. | ||
+ | * click ' | ||
+ | * The two layers have merged into one. You can delete the empty one:\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Ungroup the square and the image. | ||
+ | * Select a part of the image (a back shape in this case) and go to '' | ||
+ | * The black shapes are internal cavities that weren' | ||
+ | * Use the outline view mode to delete objects outside the tile area:\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Give this layer a clear name. Hide it and repeat for the other tiles:\\ {{: | ||
+ | * After all the contours for the tiles have been made, select all the vectors and export: | ||
+ | * Go to '' | ||
+ | * In the export options, make sure a unit represents a millimeter. Check the option '' | ||
+ | |||
+ | === In Fusion === | ||
+ | == Preparing the 3D models == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Import one sketch per layer:\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Draw a frame around every sketch, so the boundary can be raised up. This is necessary to calculate the toolpaths. These boundaries will be milled away by the overlapping areas.\\ {{: | ||
+ | * Hide all but 1 sketch. | ||
+ | * Create a tile | ||
+ | * Extrude the base | ||
+ | * Select the extrude option and select the whole sketch (drag right-to-left). | ||
+ | * Extrude downwards for the base. | ||
+ | * Extrude the drawing elements | ||
+ | * Select the extrude option and select the drawing elements | ||
+ | * Extrude upwards. | ||
+ | * Set the operation to '' | ||
+ | * repeat for all tiles:\\ {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Creating toolpaths == | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Create an object with the dimensions of the stock material & position it accordingly in relation to the tiles. | ||
+ | * Machine all tiles one by one. | ||
+ | * Create a setup, referencing the just created object for the stock material. Only select one tile as the object to machine. Duplicate this setup for each time. Make sure to use the same origin point in all setups. | ||
+ | * Rough out most of the material using a 3D adaptive strategy with a 3mm flat endmill. Use ±0.5mm stock to leave so fine elements won't get pulled out while rouging. | ||
+ | * Then engrave: select the contours from the sketch instead of the 3D model. Select the sketch lines manually (it cuts the insides instead of the outsides of the shapes when using selecting all the contours with the box select tool). Select all lines except the outer rectangle. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{: | ||
- | * In Illustrator: | ||
- | * draw guides | ||
- | * draw squares where you want the tiles to be (with a bit of overlap). Give them a stoke colour that's different than the image vectors (red for this example). | ||
- | * select the image vectors and the rectangle | ||
- | * click ' | ||
- | * select one of the red shapes, go to select > same > appearance. This shape is basically the areas in between | ||
- | * move the selection to a separate layer. (some internal elements might need to be copied manually). | ||
- | * Select the elements in this new layer, click '' | ||
- | * In Fusion: | ||
- | * import one sketch per layer | ||
- | * use the sketch to extrude a body | ||
- | * 3D adaptive | ||
- | * then engrave |